* p2p/enr: add entries for for IPv4/IPv6 separation

This adds entry types for "ip6", "udp6", "tcp6" keys. The IP type stays
around because removing it would break a lot of code and force everyone
to care about the distinction.

* p2p/enode: track IPv4 and IPv6 address separately

LocalNode predicts the local node's UDP endpoint and updates the record.
This change makes it predict IPv4 and IPv6 endpoints separately since
they can now be in the record at the same time.

* p2p/enode: implement base64 text format
* all: switch to enode.Parse(...)

This allows passing base64-encoded node records to all the places that
previously accepted enode:// URLs. The URL format is still supported.

* cmd/bootnode, p2p: log node URL instead of ENR

...and return the base64 record in NodeInfo.

* accounts/scwallet: Add a switch to enable smartcard support

* accounts: change the meaning of the switch

* disable card support in windows until tested
* only activate account if pcscd socket file is present
* the switch is now the path to the socket file

* accounts/scwallet: holiman's review feedback

* accounts/scwallet: send the path to go-pcsclite

* accounts/scwallet: add default, per platform path

* accounts/scwallet: fix error log warning

* accounts/scwallet: update pcsc lib to latest

* accounts/scwallet: use default path from pcsclite

* scwallet: forgot to change switch name

* cmd: minor style cleanups (error handling first, then happy path)

 This makes geth fails instead of falling back to local keystore, if the command line flag `--signer` is used

* node: switching prometheus flock location to tsdb

* rookie mistake

* cmd, accounts, internal, node, rpc, signer: insecure unlock protect

* all: strict unlock API by rpc

* cmd/geth: check before printing warning log

* accounts, cmd/geth, internal: tiny polishes

* node: require LocalAppData variable

This avoids path inconsistencies on Windows XP.
Hat tip to @MicahZoltu for catching this so quickly.

* node: fix typo

This changes default location of the data directory to use the LOCALAPPDATA
environment variable, resolving issues with remote home directories an improving
compatibility with Cygwin.

Fixes #2239 
Fixes #2237 
Fixes #16437

* node: close AccountsManager in new Close method

* p2p/simulations, p2p/simulations/adapters: handle node close on shutdown

* node: move node ephemeralKeystore cleanup to stop method

* node: call Stop in Node.Close method

* cmd/geth: close node.Node created with makeFullNode in cli commands

* node: close Node instances in tests

* cmd/geth, node: minor code style fixes

* cmd, console, miner, mobile: proper node Close() termination

* accounts, eth, clique: implement external backend + move sighash calc to backend

* signer: implement account_Version on external API

* accounts/external: enable ipc, add copyright

* accounts, internal, signer: formatting

* node: go fmt

* flags: disallow --dev in combo with --externalsigner

* accounts: remove clique-specific signing method, replace with more generic

* accounts, consensus: formatting + fix error in tests

* signer/core: remove (test-) import cycle

* clique: remove unused import

* accounts: remove CliqueHash and avoid dependency on package crypto

* consensus/clique: unduplicate header encoding

* Initial work on a graphql API

* Added receipts, and more transaction fields.

* Finish receipts, add logs

* Add transactionCount to block

* Add types  and .

* Update Block type to be compatible with ethql

* Rename nonce to transactionCount in Account, to be compatible with ethql

* Update transaction, receipt and log to match ethql

* Add  query operator, for a range of blocks

* Added ommerCount to Block

* Add transactionAt and ommerAt to Block

* Added sendRawTransaction mutation

* Add Call and EstimateGas to graphQL API

* Refactored to use hexutil.Bytes instead of HexBytes

* Replace BigNum with hexutil.Big

* Refactor call and estimateGas to use ethapi struct type

* Replace ethgraphql.Address with common.Address

* Replace ethgraphql.Hash with common.Hash

* Converted most quantities to Long instead of Int

* Add support for logs

* Fix bug in runFilter

* Restructured Transaction to work primarily with headers, so uncle data is reported properly

* Add gasPrice API

* Add protocolVersion API

* Add syncing API

* Moved schema into its own source file

* Move some single use args types into anonymous structs

* Add doc-comments

* Fixed backend fetching to use context

* Added (very) basic tests

* Add documentation to the graphql schema

* Fix reversion for formatting of big numbers

* Correct spelling error

* s/BigInt/Long/

* Update common/types.go

* Fixes in response to review

* Fix lint error

* Updated calls on private functions

* Fix typo in graphql.go

* Rollback ethapi breaking changes for graphql support
Co-Authored-By: Arachnid <arachnid@notdot.net>

This PR adds enode.LocalNode and integrates it into the p2p
subsystem. This new object is the keeper of the local node
record. For now, a new version of the record is produced every
time the client restarts. We'll make it smarter to avoid that in
the future.

There are a couple of other changes in this commit: discovery now
waits for all of its goroutines at shutdown and the p2p server
now closes the node database after discovery has shut down. This
fixes a leveldb crash in tests. p2p server startup is faster
because it doesn't need to wait for the external IP query
anymore.

This fixes a rare deadlock with the inproc adapter:

- A node is stopped, which acquires Network.lock.
- The protocol code being simulated (swarm/network in my case)
  waits for its goroutines to shut down.
- One of those goroutines calls into the simulation to add a peer,
  which waits for Network.lock.

The fix for the deadlock is really simple, just release the lock
before stopping the simulation node.

Other changes in this PR clean up the exec adapter so it reports
node startup errors better and remove the docker adapter because
it just adds overhead.

In the exec adapter, node information is now posted to a one-shot
server. This avoids log parsing and allows reporting startup
errors to the simulation host.

A small change in package node was needed because simulation
nodes use port zero. Node.{HTTP,WS}Endpoint now return the live
endpoints after startup by checking the TCP listener.

Package p2p/enode provides a generalized representation of p2p nodes
which can contain arbitrary information in key/value pairs. It is also
the new home for the node database. The "v4" identity scheme is also
moved here from p2p/enr to remove the dependency on Ethereum crypto from
that package.

Record signature handling is changed significantly. The identity scheme
registry is removed and acceptable schemes must be passed to any method
that needs identity. This means records must now be validated explicitly
after decoding.

The enode API is designed to make signature handling easy and safe: most
APIs around the codebase work with enode.Node, which is a wrapper around
a valid record. Going from enr.Record to enode.Node requires a valid
signature.

* p2p/discover: port to p2p/enode

This ports the discovery code to the new node representation in
p2p/enode. The wire protocol is unchanged, this can be considered a
refactoring change. The Kademlia table can now deal with nodes using an
arbitrary identity scheme. This requires a few incompatible API changes:

  - Table.Lookup is not available anymore. It used to take a public key
    as argument because v4 protocol requires one. Its replacement is
    LookupRandom.
  - Table.Resolve takes *enode.Node instead of NodeID. This is also for
    v4 protocol compatibility because nodes cannot be looked up by ID
    alone.
  - Types Node and NodeID are gone. Further commits in the series will be
    fixes all over the the codebase to deal with those removals.

* p2p: port to p2p/enode and discovery changes

This adapts package p2p to the changes in p2p/discover. All uses of
discover.Node and discover.NodeID are replaced by their equivalents from
p2p/enode.

New API is added to retrieve the enode.Node instance of a peer. The
behavior of Server.Self with discovery disabled is improved. It now
tries much harder to report a working IP address, falling back to
127.0.0.1 if no suitable address can be determined through other means.
These changes were needed for tests of other packages later in the
series.

* p2p/simulations, p2p/testing: port to p2p/enode

No surprises here, mostly replacements of discover.Node, discover.NodeID
with their new equivalents. The 'interesting' API changes are:

 - testing.ProtocolSession tracks complete nodes, not just their IDs.
 - adapters.NodeConfig has a new method to create a complete node.

These changes were needed to make swarm tests work.

Note that the NodeID change makes the code incompatible with old
simulation snapshots.

* whisper/whisperv5, whisper/whisperv6: port to p2p/enode

This port was easy because whisper uses []byte for node IDs and
URL strings in the API.

* eth: port to p2p/enode

Again, easy to port because eth uses strings for node IDs and doesn't
care about node information in any way.

* les: port to p2p/enode

Apart from replacing discover.NodeID with enode.ID, most changes are in
the server pool code. It now deals with complete nodes instead
of (Pubkey, IP, Port) triples. The database format is unchanged for now,
but we should probably change it to use the node database later.

* node: port to p2p/enode

This change simply replaces discover.Node and discover.NodeID with their
new equivalents.

* swarm/network: port to p2p/enode

Swarm has its own node address representation, BzzAddr, containing both
an overlay address (the hash of a secp256k1 public key) and an underlay
address (enode:// URL).

There are no changes to the BzzAddr format in this commit, but certain
operations such as creating a BzzAddr from a node ID are now impossible
because node IDs aren't public keys anymore.

Most swarm-related changes in the series remove uses of
NewAddrFromNodeID, replacing it with NewAddr which takes a complete node
as argument. ToOverlayAddr is removed because we can just use the node
ID directly.

* rpc: Make HTTP server timeout values configurable

* rpc: Remove flags for setting HTTP Timeouts, configuring via .toml is sufficient.

* rpc: Replace separate constants with a single default struct.

* rpc: Update HTTP Server Read and Write Timeouts to 30s.

* rpc: Remove redundant NewDefaultHTTPTimeouts function.

* rpc: document HTTPTimeouts.

* rpc: sanitize timeout values for library use

* cmd, dashboard, internal, log, node: logging feature

* cmd, dashboard, internal, log: requested changes

* dashboard, vendor: gofmt, govendor, use vendored file watcher

* dashboard, log: gofmt -s -w, goimports

* dashboard, log: gosimple

These RPC calls are analogous to Parity's parity_addReservedPeer and
parity_removeReservedPeer.

They are useful for adjusting the trusted peer set during runtime,
without requiring restarting the server.

* metrics: expvar support for ResettingTimer

* metrics: use integers for percentiles; remove Overall

* metrics: fix edge-case panic for index-out-of-range

* node: all golint warnings fixed

* node: rm per peter

* node: rm per peter

* all: get rid of error when create mdb

* core: clean up variables definition

* all: inline mdb definition

* fix typo

* fix typo

* fix typo

This avoids logging accept errors on shutdown and removes
a bit of duplication. It also fixes some goimports lint warnings.

* signer: introduce external signer command

* cmd/signer, rpc: Implement new signer. Add info about remote user to Context

* signer: refactored request/response, made use of urfave.cli

* cmd/signer: Use common flags

* cmd/signer: methods to validate calldata against abi

* cmd/signer: work on abi parser

* signer: add mutex around UI

* cmd/signer: add json 4byte directory, remove passwords from api

* cmd/signer: minor changes

* cmd/signer: Use ErrRequestDenied, enable lightkdf

* cmd/signer: implement tests

* cmd/signer: made possible for UI to modify tx parameters

* cmd/signer: refactors, removed channels in ui comms, added UI-api via stdin/out

* cmd/signer: Made lowercase json-definitions, added UI-signer test functionality

* cmd/signer: update documentation

* cmd/signer: fix bugs, improve abi detection, abi argument display

* cmd/signer: minor change in json format

* cmd/signer: rework json communication

* cmd/signer: implement mixcase addresses in API, fix json id bug

* cmd/signer: rename fromaccount, update pythonpoc with new json encoding format

* cmd/signer: make use of new abi interface

* signer: documentation

* signer/main: remove redundant  option

* signer: implement audit logging

* signer: create package 'signer', minor changes

* common: add 0x-prefix to mixcaseaddress in json marshalling + validation

* signer, rules, storage: implement rules + ephemeral storage for signer rules

* signer: implement OnApprovedTx, change signing response (API BREAKAGE)

* signer: refactoring + documentation

* signer/rules: implement dispatching to next handler

* signer: docs

* signer/rules: hide json-conversion from users, ensure context is cleaned

* signer: docs

* signer: implement validation rules, change signature of call_info

* signer: fix log flaw with string pointer

* signer: implement custom 4byte databsae that saves submitted signatures

* signer/storage: implement aes-gcm-backed credential storage

* accounts: implement json unmarshalling of url

* signer: fix listresponse, fix gas->uint64

* node: make http/ipc start methods public

* signer: add ipc capability+review concerns

* accounts: correct docstring

* signer: address review concerns

* rpc: go fmt -s

* signer: review concerns+ baptize Clef

* signer,node: move Start-functions to separate file

* signer: formatting