With this commit, core/state's access to the underlying key/value database is
mediated through an interface. Database errors are tracked in StateDB and
returned by CommitTo or the new Error method.

Motivation for this change: We can remove the light client's duplicated copy of
core/state. The light client now supports node iteration, so tracing and storage
enumeration can work with the light client (not implemented in this commit).

common/hexutil: wrap errors in json.UnmarshalTypeError

This adds type and struct field context to error messages.
Instead of "hex string of odd length" users will now see "json: cannot
unmarshal hex string of odd length into Go struct field SendTxArgs.from
of type common.Address".

* accounts/abi: reorganizing package and some notes and a quick correction of name.

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

get rid of some imports

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: move file names

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: fix boolean decode function

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: fix for the array set and for creating a bool

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: be very very very correct

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: fix up error message and variable names

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: take out unnecessary argument in pack method

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: add bool unpack test and add a panic to readBool function

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: fix panic message

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: change from panic to basic error

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: fix nil to false

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: fill out type regex tests and fill with the correct type for integers

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: move packNumbers into pack.go.

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: separation of the testing suite into appropriately named files.

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* account/abi: change to hex string tests.

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* account/abi: fix up rest of tests to hex

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: declare bool at the package level

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: use errors package in the error file.

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

* accounts/abi: fix ugly hack and fix error type declaration.

Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>

cmd/puppeth: fix key reuse during faucet deploys

whisperv5: integrate whisper and implement API

core: remove unused events

Demo of the issue: https://play.golang.org/p/EeTLFfppqC

swarm/storage: remove panic on invalid chunk

* Makefile: add make swarm command

* Makefile: minor code formatting polishes

README: change heading to "Go Ethereum"

consensus/clique: choose valid votes

eth: gracefully error if database cannot be opened

travis.yml, cmd/swarm: fix Travis CI build

core: add testcase for txpool

cmd/geth: corrently init gas price for CLI CPU mining

* eth/downloader: separate state sync from queue

Scheduling of state node downloads hogged the downloader queue lock when
new requests were scheduled. This caused timeouts for other requests.
With this change, state sync is fully independent of all other downloads
and doesn't involve the queue at all.

State sync is started and checked on in processContent. This is slightly
awkward because processContent doesn't have a select loop. Instead, the
queue is closed by an auxiliary goroutine when state sync fails. We
tried several alternatives to this but settled on the current approach
because it's the least amount of change overall.

Handling of the pivot block has changed slightly: the queue previously
prevented import of pivot block receipts before the state of the pivot
block was available. In this commit, the receipt will be imported before
the state. This causes an annoyance where the pivot block is committed
as fast block head even when state downloads fail. Stay tuned for more
updates in this area ;)

* eth/downloader: remove cancelTimeout channel

* eth/downloader: retry state requests on timeout

* eth/downloader: improve comment

* eth/downloader: mark peers idle when state sync is done

* eth/downloader: move pivot block splitting to processContent

This change also ensures that pivot block receipts aren't imported
before the pivot block itself.

* eth/downloader: limit state node retries

* eth/downloader: improve state node error handling and retry check

* eth/downloader: remove maxStateNodeRetries

It fails the sync too much.

* eth/downloader: remove last use of cancelCh in statesync.go

Fixes TestDeliverHeadersHang*Fast and (hopefully)
the weird cancellation behaviour at the end of fast sync.

* eth/downloader: fix leak in runStateSync

* eth/downloader: don't run processFullSyncContent in LightSync mode

* eth/downloader: improve comments

* eth/downloader: fix vet, megacheck

* eth/downloader: remove unrequested tasks anyway

* eth/downloader, trie: various polishes around duplicate items

This commit explicitly tracks duplicate and unexpected state
delieveries done against a trie Sync structure, also adding
there to import info logs.

The commit moves the db batch used to commit trie changes one
level deeper so its flushed after every node insertion. This
is needed to avoid a lot of duplicate retrievals caused by
inconsistencies between Sync internals and database. A better
approach is to track not-yet-written states in trie.Sync and
flush on commit, but I'm focuing on correctness first now.

The commit fixes a regression around pivot block fail count.
The counter previously was reset to 1 if and only if a sync
cycle progressed (inserted at least 1 entry to the database).
The current code reset it already if a node was delivered,
which is not stong enough, because unless it ends up written
to disk, an attacker can just loop and attack ad infinitum.

The commit also fixes a regression around state deliveries
and timeouts. The old downloader tracked if a delivery is
stale (none of the deliveries were requestedt), in which
case it didn't mark the node idle and did not send further
requests, since it signals a past timeout. The current code
did mark it idle even on stale deliveries, which eventually
caused two requests to be in flight at the same time, making
the deliveries always stale and mass duplicating retrievals
between multiple peers.

* eth/downloader: fix state request leak

This commit fixes the hang seen sometimes while doing the state
sync. The cause of the hang was a rare combination of events:
request state data from peer, peer drops and reconnects almost
immediately. This caused a new download task to be assigned to
the peer, overwriting the old one still waiting for a timeout,
which in turned leaked the requests out, never to be retried.
The fix is to ensure that a task assignment moves any pending
one back into the retry queue.

The commit also fixes a regression with peer dropping due to
stalls. The current code considered a peer stalling if they
timed out delivering 1 item. However, the downloader never
requests only one, the minimum is 2 (attempt to fine tune
estimated latency/bandwidth). The fix is simply to drop if
a timeout is detected at 2 items.

Apart from the above bugfixes, the commit contains some code
polishes I made while debugging the hang.

* core, eth, trie: support batched trie sync db writes

* trie: rename SyncMemCache to syncMemBatch

consensus/clique: fix typo and don't need to add snapshot into recents again

swarm/fuse: simplify externalUnmount, use subtests

This commit does various code refactorings:

- generalizes and moves the request retrieval/timeout/resend logic out of LesOdr
  (will be used by a subsequent PR)
- reworks the peer management logic so that all services can register with
  peerSet to get notified about added/dropped peers (also gets rid of the ugly
  getAllPeers callback in requestDistributor)
- moves peerSet, LesOdr, requestDistributor and retrieveManager initialization
  out of ProtocolManager because I believe they do not really belong there and the
  whole init process was ugly and ad-hoc