It's inconsistent not to pass it and most callers will
work with contexts anyway.

I initially made the client block if the 100-element buffer was
exceeded. It turns out that this is inconvenient for simple uses of the
client which subscribe and perform calls on the same goroutine, e.g.

    client, _ := rpc.Dial(...)
    ch := make(chan int) // note: no buffer
    sub, _ := client.EthSubscribe(ch, "something")
    for event := range ch {
        client.Call(...)
    }

This innocent looking code will lock up if the server suddenly decides
to send 2000 notifications. In this case, the client's main loop won't
accept the call because it is trying to deliver a notification to ch.

The issue is kind of hard to explain in the docs and few people will
actually read them. Buffering is the simple option and works with close
to no overhead for subscribers that always listen.

- returned headers didn't include mixHash
- returned transactions didn't include signature fields
- empty transaction input was returned as "", but should be "0x"
- returned receipts didn't include the bloom filter
- "root" in receipts was missing 0x prefix

The new client implementation supports concurrent requests,
subscriptions and replaces the various ad hoc RPC clients
throughout go-ethereum.

If a batch request contained an invalid method, the server would reply
with a non-batch error response. Fix this by tracking an error for each
batch element.

The server delayed closing of connections for 3s when stopping. This was
supposed to allow for slow handlers, but it didn't really work. When
geth quits, it will just exit immediately after quitting the server.

Removing the timer makes testing easier because all connections will be
closed after Stop returns.

The named pipe implementation from go-winio has some issues
that need to be addressed before we can use it again.

Context keys must have a unique type in order to prevent
any unintented clashes. The code used int(1) as key.

Fix it by implementing the pattern recommended by package context.

rpc: be less restrictive on the request id
rpc: improved documentation
console: upgrade web3.js to version 0.16.0
rpc: cache http connections
rpc: rename wsDomains parameter to wsOrigins

Implemented the following block debugging RPC calls

* Block(RLP)
* BlockByFile(fileName)
* BlockByNumber(number)
* BlockByHash(hash)

Fixes #2277

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