eth, p2p: use truncated names (#21698)

* peer: return localAddr instead of name to prevent spam

We currently use the name (which can be freely set by the peer) in several log messages.
This enables malicious actors to write spam into your geth log.
This commit returns the localAddr instead of the freely settable name.

* p2p: reduce usage of peer.Name in warn messages

* eth, p2p: use truncated names

* Update peer.go

Co-authored-by: Marius van der Wijden <m.vanderwijden@live.de>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>