This adds support for EIP-2718 typed transactions as well as EIP-2930
access list transactions (tx type 1). These EIPs are scheduled for the
Berlin fork.

There very few changes to existing APIs in core/types, and several new APIs
to deal with access list transactions. In particular, there are two new
constructor functions for transactions: types.NewTx and types.SignNewTx.
Since the canonical encoding of typed transactions is not RLP-compatible,
Transaction now has new methods for encoding and decoding: MarshalBinary
and UnmarshalBinary.

The existing EIP-155 signer does not support the new transaction types.
All code dealing with transaction signatures should be updated to use the
newer EIP-2930 signer. To make this easier for future updates, we have
added new constructor functions for types.Signer: types.LatestSigner and
types.LatestSignerForChainID.

This change also adds support for the YoloV3 testnet.

Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan Schneider <ryanleeschneider@gmail.com>
# Conflicts:
#	accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go
#	cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
#	cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/transition.go
#	cmd/geth/main.go
#	cmd/geth/usage.go
#	core/bench_test.go
#	core/state/statedb.go
#	core/state_prefetcher.go
#	core/state_processor.go
#	core/state_transition.go
#	core/tx_pool.go
#	core/types/block.go
#	core/types/derive_sha.go
#	core/types/gen_tx_json.go
#	core/types/receipt.go
#	core/types/receipt_test.go
#	core/types/transaction.go
#	core/types/transaction_signing.go
#	core/types/transaction_test.go
#	ethclient/ethclient.go
#	ethclient/signer.go
#	graphql/graphql.go
#	internal/ethapi/api.go
#	internal/guide/guide_test.go
#	les/benchmark.go
#	les/odr_test.go
#	light/odr_test.go
#	light/txpool.go
#	miner/worker.go
#	miner/worker_test.go
#	signer/core/api.go
#	tests/state_test_util.go
#	trie/stacktrie_test.go
#	turbo/stages/blockchain_test.go

Transaction unindexing will be enabled by default as of 1.10, which causes tx status retrieval will be broken without this PR.

This PR introduces a retry mechanism in TxStatus retrieval.
# Conflicts:
#	les/client.go
#	les/fetcher_test.go
#	les/handler_test.go
#	les/odr.go
#	les/odr_requests.go
#	les/odr_test.go
#	les/peer.go
#	les/pruner_test.go
#	les/request_test.go
#	les/sync_test.go
#	les/test_helper.go
#	les/ulc_test.go
#	light/odr.go
#	light/odr_util.go

This PR adds a more CLI flag, so that the les-server can serve light clients even the local node is not synced yet.

This functionality is needed in some testing environments(e.g. hive). After launching the les server, no more blocks will be imported so the node is always marked as "non-synced".
# Conflicts:
#	cmd/geth/main.go
#	cmd/geth/usage.go
#	cmd/utils/flags.go
#	eth/ethconfig/gen_config.go
#	les/server.go

# Conflicts:
#	Dockerfile
#	Dockerfile.alltools

# Conflicts:
#	accounts/abi/bind/bind_test.go

This PR prevents users from submitting transactions without EIP-155 enabled. This behaviour can be overridden by specifying the flag --rpc.allow-unprotected-txs=true.
# Conflicts:
#	cmd/geth/main.go
#	eth/backend.go
#	les/api_backend.go
#	les/client.go
#	node/config.go

This PR introduces:

- db.put to put a value into the database
- db.get to read a value from the database
- db.delete to delete a value from the database
- db.stats to check compaction info from the database
- db.compact to trigger a db compaction

It also moves inspectdb to db.inspect.
# Conflicts:
#	cmd/geth/chaincmd.go
#	cmd/geth/main.go
#	cmd/utils/flags.go
#	core/rawdb/database.go
#	ethdb/leveldb/leveldb.go

# Conflicts:
#	les/server_handler.go
#	les/server_requests.go

* les: refactored server handler

* tests/fuzzers/les: add fuzzer for les server handler

* tests, les: update les fuzzer

tests: update les fuzzer

tests/fuzzer/les: release resources

tests/fuzzer/les: pre-initialize all resources

* les: refactored server handler and fuzzer

Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
# Conflicts:
#	les/handler_test.go
#	les/peer.go
#	les/protocol.go
#	les/server_handler.go
#	les/test_helper.go

* les/lespay/server: fix balance expiration and add test

* les: move client balances to a new db

* les: rename lespayDb to lesDb
# Conflicts:
#	les/client.go
#	les/clientpool.go
#	les/commons.go
#	les/server.go
#	les/vflux/server/balance_test.go
#	les/vflux/server/balance_tracker.go

# Conflicts:
#	build/checksums.txt
#	build/ci.go

# Conflicts:
#	cmd/utils/flags.go

# Conflicts:
#	les/api.go
#	les/client.go
#	les/clientpool.go
#	les/clientpool_test.go
#	les/peer.go
#	les/protocol.go
#	les/server.go
#	les/server_handler.go
#	les/serverpool.go
#	les/serverpool_test.go
#	les/vflux/client/api.go
#	les/vflux/client/fillset.go
#	les/vflux/client/fillset_test.go
#	les/vflux/client/queueiterator.go
#	les/vflux/client/queueiterator_test.go
#	les/vflux/client/requestbasket.go
#	les/vflux/client/requestbasket_test.go
#	les/vflux/client/timestats.go
#	les/vflux/client/timestats_test.go
#	les/vflux/client/valuetracker.go
#	les/vflux/client/valuetracker_test.go
#	les/vflux/client/wrsiterator.go
#	les/vflux/client/wrsiterator_test.go
#	les/vflux/server/balance.go
#	les/vflux/server/balance_test.go
#	les/vflux/server/balance_tracker.go
#	les/vflux/server/clientdb.go
#	les/vflux/server/clientdb_test.go
#	les/vflux/server/prioritypool.go
#	les/vflux/server/prioritypool_test.go

In the random sync algorithm used by the DNS node iterator, we first pick a random
tree and then perform one sync action on that tree. This happens in a loop until any
node is found. If no trees contain any nodes, the iterator will enter a hot loop spinning
at 100% CPU.

The fix is complicated. The iterator now checks if a meaningful sync action can
be performed on any tree. If there is nothing to do, it waits for the next root record
recheck time to arrive and then tries again.

Fixes #22306

* eth/protocols/eth: split up the eth protocol handlers

* eth/protocols/eth: define eth-66 protocol messages

* eth/protocols/eth: poc implement getblockheaders on eth/66

* eth/protocols/eth: implement remaining eth-66 handlers

* eth/protocols: define handler map for eth 66

* eth/downloader: use protocol constants from eth package

* eth/protocols/eth: add ETH66 capability

* eth/downloader: tests for eth66

* eth/downloader: fix error in tests

* eth/protocols/eth: use eth66 for outgoing requests

* eth/protocols/eth: remove unused error type

* eth/protocols/eth: define protocol length

* eth/protocols/eth: fix pooled tx over eth66

* protocols/eth/handlers: revert behavioural change which caused tests to fail

* eth/downloader: fix failing test

* eth/protocols/eth: add testcases + fix flaw with header requests

* eth/protocols: change comments

* eth/protocols/eth: review fixes + fixed flaw in RequestOneHeader

* eth/protocols: documentation

* eth/protocols/eth: review concerns about types
# Conflicts:
#	eth/downloader/downloader_test.go
#	eth/downloader/peer.go

io.Reader may return n > 0 and io.EOF at the end of the input stream.
readFull did not handle this correctly, looking only at the error. This fixes
it to check for n == len(buf) as well.

* core/state: copy the snap when copying the state

* core/state: deep-copy snap stuff during state Copy
# Conflicts:
#	core/state/statedb.go

This PR optimizes the broadcast loop. Instead of iterating twice through a given set of transactions to weed out which peers have and which do not have a tx, to send/announce transactions, we do it only once.

This updates the eth protocol test suite to use the message type
definitions of the 'production' protocol implementation in eth/protocols/eth.
# Conflicts:
#	cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/chain_test.go
#	cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/suite.go
#	cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/types.go

# Conflicts:
#	eth/downloader/downloader.go

# Conflicts:
#	core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
#	core/state/snapshot/snapshot_test.go

# Conflicts:
#	rpc/client_test.go

# Conflicts:
#	trie/sync.go

# Conflicts:
#	cmd/geth/consolecmd.go

Make geth build on FreeBSD, fixes #22309.

# Conflicts:
#	core/blockchain.go

# Conflicts:
#	eth/ethconfig/config.go

There was a dormant error with structured inputs that failed unpacking.
This commit fixes the error by switching casting to the better abi.ConvertType function.
It also adds a test for calling a view function that returns a struct

adds a flag --log.json which if enabled makes the client format logs with JSON.
# Conflicts:
#	internal/debug/flags.go

* cmd, core, tests: initial state pruner

core: fix db inspector

cmd/geth: add verify-state

cmd/geth: add verification tool

core/rawdb: implement flatdb

cmd, core: fix rebase

core/state: use new contract code layout

core/state/pruner: avoid deleting genesis state

cmd/geth: add helper function

core, cmd: fix extract genesis

core: minor fixes

contracts: remove useless

core/state/snapshot: plugin stacktrie

core: polish

core/state/snapshot: iterate storage concurrently

core/state/snapshot: fix iteration

core: add comments

core/state/snapshot: polish code

core/state: polish

core/state/snapshot: rebase

core/rawdb: add comments

core/rawdb: fix tests

core/rawdb: improve tests

core/state/snapshot: fix concurrent iteration

core/state: run pruning during the recovery

core, trie: implement martin's idea

core, eth: delete flatdb and polish pruner

trie: fix import

core/state/pruner: add log

core/state/pruner: fix issues

core/state/pruner: don't read back

core/state/pruner: fix contract code write

core/state/pruner: check root node presence

cmd, core: polish log

core/state: use HEAD-127 as the target

core/state/snapshot: improve tests

cmd/geth: fix verification tool

cmd/geth: use HEAD as the verification default target

all: replace the bloomfilter with martin's fork

cmd, core: polish code

core, cmd: forcibly delete state root

core/state/pruner: add hash64

core/state/pruner: fix blacklist

core/state: remove blacklist

cmd, core: delete trie clean cache before pruning

cmd, core: fix lint

cmd, core: fix rebase

core/state: fix the special case for clique networks

core/state/snapshot: remove useless code

core/state/pruner: capping the snapshot after pruning

cmd, core, eth: fixes

core/rawdb: update db inspector

cmd/geth: polish code

core/state/pruner: fsync bloom filter

cmd, core: print warning log

core/state/pruner: adjust the parameters for bloom filter

cmd, core: create the bloom filter by size

core: polish

core/state/pruner: sanitize invalid bloomfilter size

cmd: address comments

cmd/geth: address comments

cmd/geth: address comment

core/state/pruner: address comments

core/state/pruner: rename homedir to datadir

cmd, core: address comments

core/state/pruner: address comment

core/state: address comments

core, cmd, tests: address comments

core: address comments

core/state/pruner: release the iterator after each commit

core/state/pruner: improve pruner

cmd, core: adjust bloom paramters

core/state/pruner: fix lint

core/state/pruner: fix tests

core: fix rebase

core/state/pruner: remove atomic rename

core/state/pruner: address comments

all: run go mod tidy

core/state/pruner: avoid false-positive for the middle state roots

core/state/pruner: add checks for middle roots

cmd/geth: replace crit with error

* core/state/pruner: fix lint

* core: drop legacy bloom filter

* core/state/snapshot: improve pruner

* core/state/snapshot: polish concurrent logs to report ETA vs. hashes

* core/state/pruner: add progress report for pruning and compaction too

* core: fix snapshot test API

* core/state: fix some pruning logs

* core/state/pruner: support recovering from bloom flush fail

Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
# Conflicts:
#	cmd/geth/main.go
#	cmd/geth/usage.go
#	core/blockchain.go
#	core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go
#	core/genesis.go
#	core/rawdb/database.go
#	core/rawdb/schema.go
#	core/state/snapshot/conversion.go
#	core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
#	core/state/snapshot/snapshot_test.go
#	eth/backend.go
#	go.mod
#	go.sum
#	tests/block_test_util.go
#	tests/state_test_util.go
#	trie/stacktrie.go

# Conflicts:
#	params/version.go

fixes an regression which caused build failure on certain platforms
# Conflicts:
#	metrics/cpu_syscall.go