diff --git a/core/tx_pool.go b/core/tx_pool.go
index 1636cc5066e67dda536c353086bcf0b7e9a6bc58..7301102b4136a12fc63f649eeb6a6f1ca2d34c59 100644
--- a/core/tx_pool.go
+++ b/core/tx_pool.go
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ var (
 	queuedReplaceMeter   = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("txpool/queued/replace", nil)
 	queuedRateLimitMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("txpool/queued/ratelimit", nil) // Dropped due to rate limiting
 	queuedNofundsMeter   = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("txpool/queued/nofunds", nil)   // Dropped due to out-of-funds
+	queuedEvictionMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("txpool/queued/eviction", nil)  // Dropped due to lifetime
 
 	// General tx metrics
 	knownTxMeter       = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("txpool/known", nil)
@@ -362,9 +363,11 @@ func (pool *TxPool) loop() {
 				}
 				// Any non-locals old enough should be removed
 				if time.Since(pool.beats[addr]) > pool.config.Lifetime {
-					for _, tx := range pool.queue[addr].Flatten() {
+					list := pool.queue[addr].Flatten()
+					for _, tx := range list {
 						pool.removeTx(tx.Hash(), true)
 					}
+					queuedEvictionMeter.Mark(int64(len(list)))
 				}
 			}
 			pool.mu.Unlock()
@@ -614,6 +617,9 @@ func (pool *TxPool) add(tx *types.Transaction, local bool) (replaced bool, err e
 		pool.journalTx(from, tx)
 		pool.queueTxEvent(tx)
 		log.Trace("Pooled new executable transaction", "hash", hash, "from", from, "to", tx.To())
+
+		// Successful promotion, bump the heartbeat
+		pool.beats[from] = time.Now()
 		return old != nil, nil
 	}
 	// New transaction isn't replacing a pending one, push into queue
@@ -665,6 +671,10 @@ func (pool *TxPool) enqueueTx(hash common.Hash, tx *types.Transaction) (bool, er
 		pool.all.Add(tx)
 		pool.priced.Put(tx)
 	}
+	// If we never record the heartbeat, do it right now.
+	if _, exist := pool.beats[from]; !exist {
+		pool.beats[from] = time.Now()
+	}
 	return old != nil, nil
 }
 
@@ -696,7 +706,6 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteTx(addr common.Address, hash common.Hash, tx *types.T
 		// An older transaction was better, discard this
 		pool.all.Remove(hash)
 		pool.priced.Removed(1)
-
 		pendingDiscardMeter.Mark(1)
 		return false
 	}
@@ -704,7 +713,6 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteTx(addr common.Address, hash common.Hash, tx *types.T
 	if old != nil {
 		pool.all.Remove(old.Hash())
 		pool.priced.Removed(1)
-
 		pendingReplaceMeter.Mark(1)
 	} else {
 		// Nothing was replaced, bump the pending counter
@@ -716,9 +724,10 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteTx(addr common.Address, hash common.Hash, tx *types.T
 		pool.priced.Put(tx)
 	}
 	// Set the potentially new pending nonce and notify any subsystems of the new tx
-	pool.beats[addr] = time.Now()
 	pool.pendingNonces.set(addr, tx.Nonce()+1)
 
+	// Successful promotion, bump the heartbeat
+	pool.beats[addr] = time.Now()
 	return true
 }
 
@@ -891,7 +900,6 @@ func (pool *TxPool) removeTx(hash common.Hash, outofbound bool) {
 			// If no more pending transactions are left, remove the list
 			if pending.Empty() {
 				delete(pool.pending, addr)
-				delete(pool.beats, addr)
 			}
 			// Postpone any invalidated transactions
 			for _, tx := range invalids {
@@ -912,6 +920,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) removeTx(hash common.Hash, outofbound bool) {
 		}
 		if future.Empty() {
 			delete(pool.queue, addr)
+			delete(pool.beats, addr)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1229,6 +1238,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteExecutables(accounts []common.Address) []*types.Trans
 		// Delete the entire queue entry if it became empty.
 		if list.Empty() {
 			delete(pool.queue, addr)
+			delete(pool.beats, addr)
 		}
 	}
 	return promoted
@@ -1410,10 +1420,9 @@ func (pool *TxPool) demoteUnexecutables() {
 			}
 			pendingGauge.Dec(int64(len(gapped)))
 		}
-		// Delete the entire queue entry if it became empty.
+		// Delete the entire pending entry if it became empty.
 		if list.Empty() {
 			delete(pool.pending, addr)
-			delete(pool.beats, addr)
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/core/tx_pool_test.go b/core/tx_pool_test.go
index c436a309f36474861fd8af097ca89fe5aa40a1b8..f87d6fbea9e3685b579b50ef8bbf05a72305c7a1 100644
--- a/core/tx_pool_test.go
+++ b/core/tx_pool_test.go
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ func validateTxPoolInternals(pool *TxPool) error {
 	if priced := pool.priced.items.Len() - pool.priced.stales; priced != pending+queued {
 		return fmt.Errorf("total priced transaction count %d != %d pending + %d queued", priced, pending, queued)
 	}
+
 	// Ensure the next nonce to assign is the correct one
 	for addr, txs := range pool.pending {
 		// Find the last transaction
@@ -868,7 +869,7 @@ func TestTransactionQueueTimeLimitingNoLocals(t *testing.T) {
 func testTransactionQueueTimeLimiting(t *testing.T, nolocals bool) {
 	// Reduce the eviction interval to a testable amount
 	defer func(old time.Duration) { evictionInterval = old }(evictionInterval)
-	evictionInterval = time.Second
+	evictionInterval = time.Millisecond * 100
 
 	// Create the pool to test the non-expiration enforcement
 	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()), nil)
@@ -905,6 +906,22 @@ func testTransactionQueueTimeLimiting(t *testing.T, nolocals bool) {
 	if err := validateTxPoolInternals(pool); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("pool internal state corrupted: %v", err)
 	}
+
+	// Allow the eviction interval to run
+	time.Sleep(2 * evictionInterval)
+
+	// Transactions should not be evicted from the queue yet since lifetime duration has not passed
+	pending, queued = pool.Stats()
+	if pending != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 0)
+	}
+	if queued != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 2)
+	}
+	if err := validateTxPoolInternals(pool); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("pool internal state corrupted: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	// Wait a bit for eviction to run and clean up any leftovers, and ensure only the local remains
 	time.Sleep(2 * config.Lifetime)
 
@@ -924,6 +941,72 @@ func testTransactionQueueTimeLimiting(t *testing.T, nolocals bool) {
 	if err := validateTxPoolInternals(pool); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("pool internal state corrupted: %v", err)
 	}
+
+	// remove current transactions and increase nonce to prepare for a reset and cleanup
+	statedb.SetNonce(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(remote.PublicKey), 2)
+	statedb.SetNonce(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(local.PublicKey), 2)
+	<-pool.requestReset(nil, nil)
+
+	// make sure queue, pending are cleared
+	pending, queued = pool.Stats()
+	if pending != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 0)
+	}
+	if queued != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 0)
+	}
+	if err := validateTxPoolInternals(pool); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("pool internal state corrupted: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Queue gapped transactions
+	if err := pool.AddLocal(pricedTransaction(4, 100000, big.NewInt(1), local)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add remote transaction: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := pool.addRemoteSync(pricedTransaction(4, 100000, big.NewInt(1), remote)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add remote transaction: %v", err)
+	}
+	time.Sleep(5 * evictionInterval) // A half lifetime pass
+
+	// Queue executable transactions, the life cycle should be restarted.
+	if err := pool.AddLocal(pricedTransaction(2, 100000, big.NewInt(1), local)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add remote transaction: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := pool.addRemoteSync(pricedTransaction(2, 100000, big.NewInt(1), remote)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add remote transaction: %v", err)
+	}
+	time.Sleep(6 * evictionInterval)
+
+	// All gapped transactions shouldn't be kicked out
+	pending, queued = pool.Stats()
+	if pending != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 2)
+	}
+	if queued != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 3)
+	}
+	if err := validateTxPoolInternals(pool); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("pool internal state corrupted: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// The whole life time pass after last promotion, kick out stale transactions
+	time.Sleep(2 * config.Lifetime)
+	pending, queued = pool.Stats()
+	if pending != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 2)
+	}
+	if nolocals {
+		if queued != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 0)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if queued != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 1)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := validateTxPoolInternals(pool); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("pool internal state corrupted: %v", err)
+	}
 }
 
 // Tests that even if the transaction count belonging to a single account goes